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What is a pannier locomotive?
The term Pannier locomotive is used to describe a specific type of steam locomotive with distinctive 'panniers' carried on the side of the boiler. These panniers were used to carry water and fuel thus removing the need for a dedicated tender.
Pannier locomotives were a particular favourite of the Great Western Railway (GWR) and many were built at the Wolverhampton and Swindon works. Initially many locomotives were converted to the pannier configuration and subsequently, this configuration was introduced into new builds. The ability of the pannier to carry sufficient fuel and water was a distinct advantage which also helped confer a low centre of gravity for these locomotives. All of these factors made the pannier locomotive particularly suited to local or branch line operation where they were commonly used for passenger services and hauling light freight.
The ability to interchange boilers, often of differing configurations, considerably aided the quick rotation of locomotives during maintenance cycles.
Overall more than 850 pannier locomotives were built in the UK between 1897 and 1950 and the success of the design meant that it was adopted by many other operators worldwide. Its ease of maintenance and ready availability of key components means that it is a particular favourite of preservation groups.
Posted in: Rolling stock
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